Kirkcaldy Free Church

Sermon: Sunday, 1st December, 2024
Speaker: John Johnstone
Scripture: Romans 7

The theme of Romans chapter 7 is the law of God which is mentioned well over 20 times! For many weeks, we have been reminding ourselves that none of us can enter into a right relationship with God by trying to keep the law. Nor can we earn our way to Heaven by keeping God’s rules. The law is not a ladder which human beings are able to climb up to reach God. The letter to the Galatians makes this plain. ‘Clearly no one who relies on the law is justified before God, because ‘the righteous will live by faith.’   Galatians 3:11

This means that before people become Christians, they have a negative relationship with God’s law. They are under the curse of the law because the law condemns them as guilty. Quite clearly, none of us have loved God or our neighbours as we ought to have done. We could not do so, no matter how hard we tried. But here’s the good news. Jesus sets us free from the condemnation of the law by keeping it perfectly on our behalf and by paying the enormous moral debt we owe to God for flouting his rules time and time again, by dying on the cross for our sins.

1. A marriage ended and a marriage begun

Paul uses an illustration to help us understand that we are free from the law’s condemnation. A married woman, says Paul, is bound to her husband as long as her husband is alive, and is not free to go with anyone else. However, if the man dies, she is set free and can marry someone else. The main point is that it’s death which dissolves this marriage. In the same way, before we were saved, we were married to the law of God, which brought condemnation. The consequences of our disobedience to the law is death. This was not a good marriage! Only death can dissolve the marriage. The good news is that because we are united to Christ, when he died, we also died, and our death meant that our marriage to the law has been dissolved and we are no longer bound to the condemnation of the law. We are free. We are no longer in bondage to the law, having the obligation of perfect obedience to it, and we can no longer be crushed by it, not because the law died, but because we did. Our previous unhappy marriage is over and now we’re happily married to Christ.

Ash: The key point is that death ends the first relationship and makes possible the second.

This is a wonderful marriage in total contrast to our marriage to the law. The fruits of our first marriage were death and condemnation. Listen to verse 4 to hear what flows from our marriage to Jesus: ‘…you also died to the law through the body of Christ, that you might belong to another, to him who was raised from the dead, in order that we might bear fruit for God.’   (Romans 7:4) What a wonderful marriage! Our purpose becomes bearing good fruit for the glory of God.

This raises a question – can Christians just ignore God’s law if we have died to it? Absolutely not. The law is good and reveals the holy character of God.

John Stott: ‘This does not mean that we have been divorced from the law altogether, in the sense that it has no more claims on us of any kind, or that we have no more obligations to it. On the contrary, the moral law remains a revelation of the Lord’s will, which he still expects his people to ‘fulfil’ by living lives of righteousness and love. This is what Calvin called the 3rd use of the law – it shows us what is pleasing to God.’

Christians now have a new relationship with the law and it is a much more positive one. By God’s grace, Christians are married to Christ and given the Holy Spirit to empower us to keep God’s law. It’s actually a wonderful thing that Christians are no longer married to the law, but instead are married to Christ! Why was being married to the law so bad? The law was a powerless to make us holy. The law could not make us more like Jesus. Quite the opposite. The law was impotent. The law could not change us.

2. The law – a poor marriage partner

Let’s examine just how rubbish a marriage partner the law was. What did the law do? The law reveals just how sinful we are. ‘I would not have known what sin was had it not been for the law. For I would not have known what coveting really was if the law had not said, ‘You shall not covet.’   (Romans 7:7) Imagine a room that’s badly lit but it looks ok. However, someone turns on the light and suddenly you see the thick dust and grease and damaged paint- things you didn’t see without the light. The law is like that strong light. It reveals what we are really like. So just hearing the command ‘do not covet’, can reveal how black our hearts really are, as so often we wish we had someone else’s job or partner or children or money. The command ‘do not covet’ reveals our sinful hearts.

What is sin? The Bible says: ‘Everyone who sins breaks the law; in fact, sin is lawlessness.’   (1 John 3:4) That’s why the catechism says: Q.14. What is sin? A. Sin is disobeying or not conforming to God’s law in any way. The 6th commandment says that we should not kill. That includes the unborn child and the terminally ill person. Just because the UK government might change the laws on these things does not mean they are not sinful. If our actions to the unborn or elderly break God’s law, expressed in the 6th commandment, then it is sin, no matter what direction public opinion moves in. The 6th commandment shines a light onto UK society revealing how far away we are from God today.

The law actually increases sin in the heart of the unbeliever. It stimulates sin. ‘… but when the commandment came, sin sprang to life and I died.’   (Romans 7:9) This is an amazing but sad truth. For example, you see a sign saying ‘Keep off the grass’ and what does this law do inside you? It makes you walk on the grass! It stimulates our sin. The knowledge that we cannot have something makes us want it. There is nothing so attractive to us as the forbidden, such is the rebellious spirit of man. If your friend is watching your house when you are on holiday and you say: ‘Please don’t read my private diary’, just by saying that, there’s a greater chance she will read it. Law can arouse sin in people. An excellent example of this is the prohibition era in the US, when it was forbidden to make or consume alcohol. The law became ‘Thou shalt not consume alcohol.’ What happened? The number of places which sold alcohol, despite being banned, doubled or tripled! The US saw the rise of speakeasies, illegal pubs. The law actually stimulates more disobedience. It is not God’s law which is bad (in fact, it is good) but it brings out what is sinful in fallen humanity.

This week I’ve been reminded of when in Jesus’ day, those with leprosy had to go to the priest. Could the priest help the leper? No! In fact, the priest was in a sense like God’s law, condemning the leper, showing him, yes, you have this disease and need to be sent away. The priest was impotent in that he could not change the leper. In contrast, how marvellous it was when lepers went to Jesus for healing. He touched them, changed them, and set them free from the disease. Who do you go to if you want to be changed, to the law or to Jesus? Who do you want to be married to?

3. A Christian’s tug-of-war

Let’s move on to consider verses 14-25. These are verses which many Christians disagree on. From verse 14 Paul stops using the past tense and uses the present tense. The personal pronouns are all in the first person. So, it seems likely to me, that in this section Paul is still speaking about the law, but now he is considering how the law impacts him as a Christian man. I believe that Paul is speaking as a Christian believer here. Look at verse 22: ‘For in my inner being I delight in God’s law.’ Surely, only a Christian can delight in God’s law. And this phrase ‘inner being’ found in verse 22 is found in 2 other places in the Bible, and in both it is speaking of a Christian.

‘Though outwardly we are wasting away, yet inwardly we are being renewed day by day.’ (2 Corinthians 4:16)

‘I pray that out of his glorious riches he may strengthen you with power through his Spirit in your inner being…’ (Ephesians 3:16)

However, there are parts of this passage which might suggest that Paul is thinking back to before he was a believer. ‘We know that the law is spiritual; but I am unspiritual, sold as a slave to sin.’   (Romans 7:14)

‘For I know that good itself does not dwell in me, that is, in my sinful nature.’   (Romans 7:18)

‘… but I see another law at work in me, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin at work within me. What a wretched man I am!’   (Romans 7:23-24)

Over the centuries, and in commentaries, Christians have disagreed about who this wretched man is. The early Greek Fathers thought Paul was still speaking about himself as a non-Chrisitan Pharisee under the law. Others, such as Augustine, Luther and Calvin (and this is what I believe) view this section as a description of normal Christian life. There’s another group who think it describes a backslidden Christian. Still others, say this wretched man is a personification of Israel’s existence under the Mosaic covenant, and describes the way in which they tried to establish their own righteousness by obeying the law, even though that struggle was impossible.

Personally, I think the plain reading of the passage is the best explanation, especially because Paul speaks in the present tense, suggesting his present struggle with sin. Although he has been delivered from the dominion of sin, until Heaven he still knows the presence of sin in his heart. This is the tension with us, we know the presence of sin in our hearts but we also know the presence of Christ in our hearts. ‘… so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith.’   (Ephesians 3:17)

Scotland is famous for its Highland Games. There are many different events. Perhaps you have taken part in some of them. One of the events is the tug-of-war. Two teams pull on the same rope as hard as they can – a test of strength and sure-footedness. It’s not easy- it’s a real struggle. But you are not on your own. It’s a joint effort.

The Christian life is like an ongoing tug-of-war event. This can be exhausting.

R C Sproul: ‘Before I became a Christian, I wanted to go only one way: [my way] the way of the flesh. I acquiesced to the desires of the flesh. I had a mind of flesh. I had no inclination toward the things of God. But then God changed my heart and planted in it a love for him and an inclination to walk in his ways. Now I have a desire to please God, but I still have a desire to please myself. I would like to think that every time those desires bump into each other, my desire to please God wins, but it does not, and I still sin. When I get to Heaven, and all the remnants of that flesh are removed from me, I will have one heart and one will and one mind-set to please God and God alone. Only then will I become conformed to the image of Christ.’

What is Sproul saying? Before he was a Christian, there was no tug-of-war. He just did whatever he liked- with no thought of God! But now, his Christian walk is a struggle between the way of the Holy Spirit, and of the flesh. Paul says; ‘For I know that good itself does not dwell in me, that is, in my sinful nature. For I have the desire to do what is good, but I cannot carry it out. For I do not do the good I want to do, but the evil I do not want to do – this I keep on doing. Now if I do what I do not want to do, it is no longer I who do it, but it is sin living in me that does it. So I find this law at work: although I want to do good, evil is right there with me. For in my inner being I delight in God’s law; but I see another law at work in me, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin at work within me. What a wretched man I am!’   (Romans 7:18-24)

Like Paul, sometimes we can feel wretched. Like we are making no progress. Like it’s 2 steps forward and 3 steps back. Yet the Christian life is supposed to be a life of transformation. Gradual transformation usually. We call this sanctification.

I can relate all too well to Paul’s experience here. Indeed, this is the experience of every true believer. We are, as Luther said, ‘at the same time just and a sinner’. We are creatures of mixed desires. Jesus says: ‘The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.’ (Matthew 26:41) ‘There is within us a constant daily struggle and warfare with the old self whose desires are battling the desires of the new self

R C Sproul says, ‘It is not easy being a Christian! It is a fight.’ ‘So I find this law at work: Although I want to do good, evil is right there with me.’   (Romans 7:21)

RC Sproul: ‘It seems that whenever we desire to do good, we experience the closest proximity to evil. Sometimes… in our most precious hours of devotion to Christ, the most wicked thoughts will creep into our minds’.

I think it’s important to state that Paul is not saying he feels this way some of the time or even most of the time. He has already spoken of the experience of God’s love which floods his heart by the Holy Spirit. Paul knew great peace and joy in Christ. However, there are times when we feel like wretched men and women. Jesus even says: ‘Blessed are those who mourn (over their sin) for they shall be comforted.’

Leon Morris: ‘Great saints throughout the ages don’t commonly say ‘how good I am’; ‘go away from me Lord, for I am a sinful man’ is the authentic cry not of someone who does not believe but of one who does’.

We don’t want to leave Paul in his wretched state here. He asks a question: ‘What a wretched man I am! Who will rescue me from this body that is subject to death?’ (Romans 7:24) It is not the law which will rescue him! He answers his own question. ‘Thanks be to God, who delivers me through Jesus Christ our Lord!’ (Romans 7:25) Paul’s struggle has led him back to Jesus for strength.

Just as a law cannot justify the sinner, so the law cannot sanctify the saint. Only Jesus can empower us to be more like him. So if as a Christian, the law convicts you of sin and you feel the internal struggle of the Christian fight, don’t stay there, but rather run into the arms of Jesus, confessing your sin and asking him to empower you to know victory over sin in your life.

Sermon: Sunday, 24th November, 2024
Speaker: John Johnstone
Scripture: Romans 6:15-23

God’s law sometimes gets bad press, even in Christian circles. This is partly because the purpose of God’s law is misunderstood, or should I say purposes (plural). That’s the thing about God’s law. It has several different functions. It reveals God’s character to us. For example, when we say, ‘Do not lie’ that’s because God is a God of truth. It also functions like an x-ray of our hearts, because when we read the 10 commandments, we are meant to think, ‘I actually haven’t kept any of those.’ So, the law is meant to show us our sin, and in doing that, it sends us to Jesus the Saviour we need.

But another function of the law is to give Christians freedom, in that it shows us the way God wants us to live. God’s laws are designed to give us freedom. For example, imagine there were no traffic laws and you could drive without any rules. Would that be freedom? Of course not. It would be harmful to us, not to mention other drivers. If all drivers stuck to the rules of the road, driving would be safer and more enjoyable. The same is true of God’s laws. God’s people are called to obey them, not to cramp our style, but to bless us. They show us the way of love and true freedom. Do you have a positive attitude to the law?

However, if God’s laws are so good for us, why does Paul say that Christians ‘… are not under the law, but under grace.’   (Romans 6:14) It would be easy for us to misunderstand what Paul is saying here. What does he mean when he says we are not under law? He means that we cannot get into a right relationship with God by obeying the law, summarised in the 10 commandments. The law is not a ladder we need to climb and climb in order to get to Heaven. He means that as Christians, the judging and condemning power of the law no longer has a hold on us, as in Christ we are forgiven. Because of God’s grace, we are treated as if we had never sinned. We cannot climb up to Heaven, but in Christ, God has come done and kept the law which we could never keep, and died on the cross to remove the curse of the law from us.

However, we must not go too far. Some people read verse 14, and when they hear that ‘we are not under the law’ they wrongly assume that the law has no place in the Christian life. They think that we don’t really need to try and keep the law. This is not true. Whilst we cannot earn God’s forgiveness through keeping the law, once we are saved by God’s grace, we are given the Holy Spirit in order to help us to keep the law. We keep it not to earn brownie points, but out of gratitude to the God who has saved us. RC Sproul once said: ‘The essence of the Christian ethic is gratitude.’ This is so true. All Christians ought to conscientiously keep God’s law out of a response of gratitude to how much Christ has done for us. So, we are not under the condemnation of the law as Christians, but we must still keep all his laws, motivated by gratitude. We must understand that keeping God’s law out of gratitude to God is the way of freedom and blessing.

As we saw last week, some people heard the gospel and twisted its teaching saying that Christians might as well live any way they choose, ignoring God’s law – after all, God will just forgive us anyway. Some even wickedly argue that the more we sin the more God’s grace is displayed, and so we should sin as much as possible. Paul has already strongly opposed this false teaching, arguing that Christians are people who are in union with Christ and have died to sin, and received Christ’s life-giving power. Sin has no place in our lives. We are new creations. We are new people. We are ‘dead-to-sin’ people. We cannot continue in sin because of what God has done for us – joining us to Jesus Christ.

1. You have a new master

In verse 15, Paul returns to this twisted thinking: ‘What then? Shall we sin because we are not under the law but under grace? By no means!’ Some people, even some Christians might have a careless attitude to sin. We slip into thinking, ‘What difference will this little sin really make? God will understand.’ We might fool ourselves into thinking that we can ‘play with sin’ as if we are in control of sin, and can go so far, but will be able to stop when we want to. That is not how sin works. The Bible speaks of ‘… the sin that so easily entangles…’ (Hebrews 12:1) It’s like an octopus with its tentacles around us.

Once again, Paul gives another reason why Christians can never treat sin lightly. The reason is this: when we became Christians, we pledged our allegiance to Christ. He is our master now. ‘Don’t you know that when you offer yourselves to someone as obedient slaves, you are slaves of the one you obey…’   (Romans 6:16) If we are slaves to Christ, and we are, then we must obey his commands. We are no longer slaves to sin. Our allegiance has totally changed.

At first, this might sound shocking. You might even think, ‘I’m a Christian but I don’t want to be a slave to anyone, not even Christ.’The word ‘slave’ almost always carries negative connotations for us. But not here. Think of the very first words in this letter. ‘Paul, a slave of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle…’   (Romans 1:1) Paul identifies as a ‘slave’ of Christ. This is not all Paul says – for example he also identifies as an adopted son of God and an heir with Christ, in chapter 8. God is our Father and we are his children.

Nevertheless, we need to grasp what we mean when we say that we are ‘slaves’ of Christ. It is a voluntary slavery! In Roman times, around a third of the population were slaves, and many others had been slaves and so around half of those Paul is writing to know what he means. It was commonplace for people in severe poverty to offer themselves into slavery, so that they could guarantee they’d have a roof over their heads and food on their tables. If you surrendered yourself as a slave, then of course, you had obligations to fully obey your new master. Everybody knew that. ‘Do you not know that if you present yourselves to anyone as obedient slaves, you are slaves of the one whom you obey, either of sin, which leads to death, or of obedience, which leads to righteousness?’   (Romans 6:16)

Christians are people who voluntarily pledge themselves to be servants or slaves to King Jesus. We present ourselves to him as his slaves. The only other alternative is to present ourselves to sin, and be slaves to sin. There is no other option. The thing is, to be a slave to Jesus, to pledge our allegiance wholeheartedly to him is true freedom. Don’t get too worked up about the language of slavery – Paul is just using it as an illustration. The point is this, the hallmark of slavery is obedience, and those who pledge allegiance to Jesus must obey him. We are not free to do a little sinning on the side.

John Stott: ‘Conversion is the act of self-surrender; self-surrender leads inevitably to slavery; and slavery demands a total, radical, exclusive obedience. For no-one can be the salve of two masters as Jesus said. So, once we have offered ourselves to him as his slaves we are permanently and unconditionally at his disposal. There is no possibility of going back on this. Having chosen our master, we have no other choice but to obey him.’

This is a helpful reminder that becoming a Christian, or conversion, is when Jesus becomes both our Saviour and also becomes our Lord or master. You can’t have Jesus as just your Saviour and then live any way you please.

You might find this teaching of Paul offensive. Do we really either have to be slaves to sin or to Christ? Can’t we be neutral? In Jesus says; ‘Very truly I tell you, everyone who sins is a slave to sin. Now a slave has no permanent place in the family, but a son belongs to it forever. So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed.’   (John 8:34-36) We cannot be neutral. We cannot remain slaves to no one, even if we think we can. All humans are by nature those who serve themselves. We can be slaves to our work, pouring ourselves into work and living for it. We can be slaves of our possessions, always wanting more stuff, the latest gadgets and more new clothes. We can be slaves to all kinds of negative habits, such as being bad-tempered, greedy, or lustful. We are prisoners of our appetite to sin. We cannot escape sin or its penalty, which is death.

Kent Hughes: ‘Characteristically, the most enslaved argue that they are the most free’.

Think of the prodigal son, who felt so free as he headed off to the far country. Was he really free? Of course not!

2. You have a new lifestyle

Verse 19 highlights to us that being a slave to sin is not something static, but is a downward spiral. In contrast, being a free slave of Jesus Christ leads to a virtuous upward spiral on the path of holiness: ‘For just as you once presented your members as slaves to impurity and to lawlessness leading to more lawlessness, so now present your members as slaves to righteousness leading to sanctification.’ In other words, in the past you used to use your energy to serve yourself; now, use your energy to serve Christ.

What does it mean to ‘present our members as slaves to righteousness’? It is comprehensive. It means to use our hearts and minds and hands and feet and gifts and talents and all that we are and yield them to Christ.

A well-known hymns puts it like this:
1. Take my life and let it be consecrated, Lord, to thee…
2. Take my hands and let them move at the impulse of thy love…
4. Take my silver and my gold; not a mite would I withhold…
5. Take my will and make it thine; it shall be no longer mine…

Paul states it memorably; ‘I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship.’ &nbsp: (Romans 12:1) Living as a Christian involves a radically new lifestyle. We were pleasers of self and now we are driven, albeit imperfectly, to please God.

Think back to before you were a Christian. Perhaps you were single-minded in climbing the career ladder, or getting more money, or enjoying yourself as much as possible with good holidays, food, wine and experiences. Our pursuit of holiness should be just as dedicated as that. And this single-mindedness doesn’t make you a fanatic, nor does it mean your life will be impoverished. You will not be the loser. In fact, as the end of verse 19 says so clearly, yielding to righteousness leads us to become more like Jesus – it is for our sanctification. Just as fish are made for water and birds to fly, so we are designed by God to be most free when we live for his glory.

St Augustine said that all human beings are like a horse, and the horse has one of two riders. Either Satan or Christ is riding the horse. Before conversion, Satan held the reigns to your horse, and you were free (verse 20) in regard to righteousness, which means you were enslaved in darkness. Now, Christ has your reigns, and he leads us to beautiful places. Who would you rather have in control of your life? Who do you want holding your reigns?

3. You have a new destination

What was our destination before we trusted in Jesus? Verse 21 says the end of slavery to sin is death. We know it leads to separation from the goodness of God. Paul wants us to think back to our pre-Christian days and to realistically consider what our sinful actions produced. We might have enjoyed sexual immorality for a time, but in the end, it ruined a marriage and a family and brought intense suffering to many. The fruits were dark. You used to spend so much of your money on yourself without a thought for others. Did it satisfy you in the end? No. Sin promises much but delivers so little. It’s been that way since Satan told Adam and Eve they would have knowledge through disobeying God. Sin destroys our relationship with God, with others, and even prevents us from being our true selves, the people God intended us to be. Sin is a terrible master every single time. There is one thing which sin the slave master will always do – he always pays us fair wages. The thing is, the wages of sin is death (verse 23). And this is what we deserve by refusing to yield to Christ.

But it doesn’t have to be that way. There is a wonderful alternative. Those who are slaves to Christ and to righteousness are not given wages. Instead, we are given a free gift, and that gift is eternal life. ‘For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.’ (Romans 6:23)

What do you want from God, the wages you deserve or his free gift?

Sermon: Sunday, 17th November, 2024
Speaker: John Johnstone
Scripture: Romans 6:1-14

There are times in our lives when we experience a radical change in our identities and this change must bring about a change in our thinking and in our behaviour. What do I mean? For example, when you get married, you become what you were not before, a husband or a wife. This becomes part of your identity. But it ought to also change your thinking and behaviour. Before, you might have done whatever you wanted in your free time, but now, you have a spouse to consider. You can’t carry on living as a single person. In fact, each day you need to remember this new aspect of your identity, so that your actions will be those of a loving husband or wife. You need to remember who you are. Likewise, if you have children, that too shapes your identity. You are now a parent and now have two or three or more people to consider when you are making decisions. You need to sacrifice time and energy for your children, as well as your spouse.

Last week, we were reminded of the marvellous truth that God’s grace is greater than all our sin. What a relief it is to know that although we cannot earn our way to heaven, or pay off our huge moral debt to God, God in his grace and love has provided Jesus as the Saviour and substitute who does this for us. We’re not treated as we deserve, but rather with grace. Hallelujah! This is the gospel! Christ does for us what we are unable to do for ourselves. However, some people might distort and twist this teaching and say that Christians might as well live any way they choose, ignoring God’s law – after all, God will just forgive us anyway. Some even wickedly argue that the more we sin the more God’s grace is displayed, and so we should sin as much as possible. Paul anticipates this false argumentation and responds: ‘What shall we say, then? Shall we go on sinning, so that grace may increase? By no means!’   (Romans 6:1-2a) People who argue that way fail to understand that when people are ‘born again’ they die to sin, and are raised with Christ. ‘We are those who have died to sin; how can we live in it any longer?’   (Romans 6:2b)

The greatest and most radical change a human being can ever experience is when we become followers of Jesus, when we are converted, or ‘born again’. This is a permanent change to our identity. Before, we were ‘in Adam’ and slaves to sin. Now we are ‘in Christ’, united to Jesus through faith, and those who are dead to sin. Yes, we continue to sin. But we have been set free from the tyranny and penalty and power of sin. I am a dead to sin and alive in Christ person. And the more I understand my new identity, the more it will impact by thinking and behaviour. We are not in the kingdom of darkness any more. We are in the kingdom of Jesus Christ. This must permeate our thinking and impact our actions every day. This might sound strange at first, but I think it would be transformative in our Christian lives if we could say to ourselves each morning, ‘I’m a person who is dead to sin and alive in Christ. I have a new boss – King Jesus, and I live for him.’

Paul is not saying to us that we ought to try and die to sin. He is saying, as a matter of fact, that we are those who are dead to the control of sin. In other words, sin is no longer our master – Jesus Christ is now our master. Yes, we shall still be tempted. However, each time I am tempted I now have the God-given power to resist that temptation. I am a new creation. Is that right? ‘And God is faithful; he will not let you be tempted beyond what you can bear. But when you are tempted, he will also provide a way out so that you can endure it.’   (1 Corinthians 10:13) It’s so frustrating when I fall into the same kinds of sins again and again. Each time I sin, it’s an anomaly; a deviation from what ought to happen, because God always gives us a way of escape.

It’s not just Paul who wants you to grasp your new identity. John says: ‘No one who lives in him keeps on sinning… No one who is born of God will continue to sin, because God’s seed remains in them; they cannot go on sinning, because they have been born of God.’ (1 John 3:6 and 9) Of course, this does not mean that we become perfect before heaven. But it means that salvation is not a licence to sin more, but gives an inner resolve and power to hate the sin God hates.

Last week, we thought of being ‘in Christ’ as being like a rock climber unclipped from Adam’s rope and onto Jesus’ rope. Jesus is scaling the mountain as our leader and representative. What happens to him happens to us. We are ‘in Christ’. In verse 10 we’re told that Jesus died to sin. This does not mean he himself was sinful, but that he lived in a world surrounded by sin and was tempted by sin. When he was raised and ascended to Heaven, this was no longer the case. Let’s remember the truth that what happens to Christ our representative happens to us. ‘Or don’t you know that all of us who were baptised into Christ Jesus were baptised into his death? We were therefore buried with him through baptism into death in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, we too may live a new life.’   (Romans 6:3-4)

Kent Hughes: ‘The specific emphasis of verses 3-5 is that we are so profoundly identified with Christ’s death and resurrection that we actually did die with him and truly were raised with him, so that now we share in his resurrection life’.

There’s a danger that verses 1-5 sound too abstract for us, with all this talk about being ‘dead-to-sin’ people. An illustration might help. One of the most famous Christians of all time is St Augustine. Before he was born again, he lived a life of ‘wine, women and song’. One day, after he became a Christian, he met one of the prostitutes who had known him in his ‘old life’. She approached him seductively and said: ‘It is I, Augustine’. His answer was simple: ‘Yes, but it is not I, Augustine.’ In other words, Augustine had become a new creation with a new identity. The old Augustine she had known, who was a slave to sin, was dead. The new Augustine was in Christ and that changed everything. The question is- what helped Augustine fight off temptation that day? It was his understanding that the old Augustine had died with Christ, coupled with the fact that the new Augustine now had the power of Christ within, new power to resist temptation. And he did. This is the way we all need to be thinking more and more. Our sins were put to death on the cross and we were released from the bondage of sin and into newness of life.

Baptism is mentioned in verse 3. Baptism does symbolise the washing away of sin. But it also symbolises our union with Christ, marking our identification with the death of Jesus.

R C Sproul: ‘My baptism signifies my identification with Jesus’ death on the cross, and that I am mystically crucified with Christ. I identify with that act; I put my personal trust in the act of Christ on the cross, and as Christ was taken down from the cross and buried in the ground, so I, in terms of my old nature, am put to death and buried.’

‘For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we will certainly also be united with him in a resurrection like his.’   (Romans 6:5) In other words, when we become Christians, there is a new power at work within us, that of the Holy Spirit, and over time He changes our inclinations and desires and He given us power to resist temptation. We now have the life of God in our souls, because of our union to Christ. We are attached to Christ the vine, and his sap flows into us, his branches. We bear fruit.

Once again, let’s grasp that becoming a Christian involves a change of master – from slavery sin to freedom in Christ. ‘For we know that our old self was crucified with him so that the body ruled by sin might be done away with, that we should no longer be slaves to sin…’   (Romans 6:6)

But there’s also a sad truth Christians must wrestle with. Even though we are no longer under sin’s dominion and have new power to resist, sometimes we still fall into sin. There’s the story of a great eagle (see Christopher Ash commentary on Romans) tethered to a post, walking sadly round and round: ‘One day a new owner announced he would release the bird. A crowd gathered – the rope was removed – and the eagle continued walking round and round in the same old rut. He was free to fly and yet did not. The sad absurdity of that scene is like the Christian who continues to sin.’ To my shame, sometimes I can relate to that eagle. Christ has set me free, and yet still at times, I wallow in the mud of sin.

Those who twist the gospel, arguing that it means we can live as we please don’t understand the gospel. The truth is, at salvation we are justified by God, declared righteous in his sight, but we also begin a life of sanctification, where we walk the path of holiness and not the path of sin. Practically speaking, how can we ensure that we see growth in this walk of holiness? This section ends with Paul commanding us to remember who we are, to root out sin in our lives, and to consciously offer ourselves to God. Let’s unpack this now.

Remember your identity. ‘… count yourselves dead to sin but alive to God in Christ Jesus.’   (Romans 6:11) To ‘count ourselves’ means to really grasp and keep coming back to this reality. We are dead to sin. Sin no longer has dominion over us. Say this to yourself each day. Pray for more of the Spirit’s power. Paul states four times in this short section that we are dead to sin (verses 3, 6, 9 and 11). He hammers the message home to us. He really wants this to shape our identities. This is something we need to keep on doing – we need to keep on counting ourselves dead to sin and alive to Christ.

Kent Hughes: ‘Have you ever taken the time to consider the fact that you participated in the events of the cross, that you died and that you were resurrected with Christ? If not, why not do so right now. This is prevention theology’.

I love the idea of ‘prevention theology’ which Hughes mentions. Instead of just focusing on confessing our sins after we commit them, why not spend more time considering how to not commit them in the first place, by remembering who you are in Christ. Just as we invest in preventative health care by eating well and exercising to avoid ill health, so we must discipline our minds each day, with God’s help, to be sensitised to how out of place sin is in our lives as new creations.

It’s said that before her children would go out to a party, The Queen Mother would say to them: ‘You are royal children, royal manners.’ That is to say, you have royal identities so behave that way. Paul is saying to us that we are royal subjects of King Jesus and so we must live as such.

Respond to your identity. How do we respond? By weeding out sin in our lives and by positive planting through offering ourselves in service to God. We always need both the negative and the positive together – taking off the old and putting on the new. ‘Therefore do not let sin reign in your mortal body so that you obey its evil desires. Do not offer any part of yourself to sin as an instrument of wickedness…’   (Romans 6:12-13) Let’s be honest and realistic – all Christians continue to be tempted and struggle with wrong desires and ambitions. But we can use our new freedom in Christ to fight these desires. Desires which are wrong must be fought against. Wage war against the enemy of sin. Since now in Christ we are ‘alive to God’ the natural thing for us to do is to give the whole of ourselves to God in service. Don’t withhold anything from God. Serve him in your work and in your family and in your community. Yield your mind and your heart and your will to God.

Sermon: Sunday, 10th November, 2024
Speaker: John Johnstone
Scripture: Romans 5:12-21

Why is it that we live in a world where no one is capable of living a life without selfishness or without hurting others? Why are human beings capable of goodness and kindness but also of terrible evil? Why is it that all people eventually die? Is this just part of the normal cycle of life, as Sir Chris Hoy has recently asserted? These are big questions. Why is the world the way it is? This section of Romans explains why things are the way they are. And like it or not, the explanation is that the actions of two men, Adam and Jesus Christ, have had dramatic repercussions for the human race. Today in 2024, we tend to think about things individualistically. We often recoil from thinking about how one person’s behaviour can shape reality for other people as well as their own. We might think this is unfair. However, it is true, nonetheless. We are not islands, but are part of families and countries and are also part of the human race. We are more interconnected than we like to think.

For example, think of a man who aged 45 inherits several million pounds from his parents in their will. This man did not work for the money – his parents did. I might think, ‘That’s not fair. I’ve never received that kind of a benefit.’ But it’s because he is in the family. Think of an opposite example. A family of six is living in relative comfort for many years. But then the father makes an unwise and risky investment using all the family’s money. He loses everything. Suddenly, the family become homeless and the parents split up and their children have to relocate to a new area far away from their friends. We could say, ‘That’s not fair on the children.’ But like it or not, the foolishness of one family member spills over into the lives of the whole family.

If a country has a wise leader who improves the economy and housing for his people, then many benefit from their representative. However, if a country has a foolish leader, who enters into an unjust war, it will be a disaster for the ordinary people in the country. In this way, human beings are bound together by the decisions of others. If the Scotland squad win we say ‘we won’ because they are our representatives. We weren’t playing on the pitch.

One of the best Biblical examples of this is the story of David and Goliath. David is fighting on behalf of the Israelites, and what happens to David will have a profound effect on the whole nation, because he is their representative. If he loses to the giant Goliath, then Israel will become the slaves of the Philistines; however, if David wins, the nation will be free. It all hinges on one man, David. If Goliath loses, then his people, the Philistines, will lose with him. The war is not being handled individualistically, but through two representatives.

1. The ruin of mankind (verses 12-14)

Our passage today explains why human beings are born with original sin, leading to wrong thoughts and actions and rebellion against God: ‘Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death came to all people, because all sinned…’   (Romans 5:12) It is because the representative of the whole race was Adam, and he chose to disobey God by eating from the tree he was forbidden to eat from. It’s all detailed for us in Genesis chapter 3. Adam’s disobedience was a tragedy for the human race. We could even say that through his disobedience, he squandered the family fortune, bankrupting the human race.

Think of a river being polluted at the source. Adam is that source, at the head of our family tree. Just as faulty genes of disease are often passed down through the generations, so Adam’s sin is passed down to each one of us. We call this original sin.

R C Sproul: ‘Original sin refers to the result of the first sin, not the first sin itself… it is not that we are sinful because we sin, but rather that we sin because we are sinful. The activity of sin flows out of a sinful nature, a fallen nature, a heart that is out of sync with God. Man is fallen in the depths of his being, and has a basic disposition towards sin rather than towards righteousness.’

We might find this teaching of original sin unfair and offensive. However, it is true to the way things are. If people were really born neutrally, then we would surely expect some of them not to become selfish or greedy or those who hurt others. But that is not what we find. What we find is that 100% of people fail to keep their own standards far less God’s. Only Jesus lived a flawless life. And we find that 100% of people die. We find that even very young children quickly begin to display selfish tendencies, no matter how consciously their parents bring them up. The teaching of original sin might be uncomfortable and seem unfair, but it describes the way the world is in a way in which nothing else does. There is no other reasonable explanation.

Jesus teaches exactly the same thing. ‘What comes out of a person is what defiles them. For it is from within, out of a person’s heart, that evil thoughts come—sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery, greed, malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. All these evils come from inside and defile a person.’ (  (Mark 7:20-23) Jesus, of course, is right. No matter what you might do, you cannot stop these thoughts, proving that we have sinful natures. What a mixture human beings are! We are made in the image of God, with dignity and the ability to love and plan and design. And yet, as a race we can’t stop waging war on one another and exploiting one another. The world is full of injustice and poverty, even though there is enough food to go round. Why did one of the most civilised and educated countries in the world, Germany, murder six million Jews? Why the silent holocaust of the unborn? Why divorce and drugs and fraud? Because the heart of the human problem is the problem of the human heart.

Sadly, throughout the history of the human race, this behaviour has always come to the surface. We are not improving over time! Even in the days between Adam and Moses (which verses 13-14 speak about) before the Ten Commandments had been given, the wickedness of our race was obvious. There was murder and rape and cruelty on a massive scale. When the law was eventually given, that just served to highlight our twistedness and rebellion all the more. Chuck Swindoll tells the story of riding his bike across his neighbour’s grass, making a mess of the lawn, even though he knew he shouldn’t have been doing that. Eventually, a sign was put up: ‘keep of the grass – no bikes’ This was like the giving of the law. But he carried on cycling over the grass anyway, so the sign just made his misdemeanours all the more evident. That’s what happened when the law was given – the sins of humanity were highlighted.

It is a bit depressing thinking about Adam being our covenant head, or representative. My favourite illustration of this situation is to picture a rock climber scaling a mountain, with countless others clipped onto his belt. If he falls, then everyone else on his rope will also fall. What happens to him will happen to everyone else. And tragically Adam does fall. This describes the history of humanity.

But there’s also another illustration. Through faith, we are unclipped from Adam’s rope and clipped onto Jesus’ rope instead. What happens to him will now happen to us. And wonderfully, he defeats death and sin forever. He scales the mountain perfectly. His obedience becomes our obedience and his death becomes ours, and his life flows into us. This leads us to our next point.

2. The rescue of mankind (verses 15-19)

Christians are those who are clipped on to Jesus’ rope. God does not want to leave humanity in a state of sin and misery and so in love and grace he sends his Son into the world. And on the cross, our sin is imputed to him and his goodness and perfect obedience is imputed to us. We might say, ‘That’s not fair.’ But it is true. It is grace. It is God’s remedy for us. Whilst Adam’s disobedience is so destructive, Christ’s perfect obedience brings us forgiveness, peace, hope and eternal life. ‘Consequently, just as one trespass resulted in condemnation for all people, so also one righteous act resulted in justification and life for all people. For just as through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners, so also through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous.’   (Romans 5:18-19)

Adam and Christ, the second Adam, do have something in common. Both of them are representatives whose acts has enormous consequences. Adam’s plunged us down into ruin. But Christ’s obedience and death on the cross changes everything for the good. Christ is able to deal with the sin which flows from our hearts. He forgives us. He gives us his Spirit in order to change us from the inside, and bring us back into God’s presence. His grace is greater than all our sin – much greater.

Adam failed at being a representative. But Jesus succeeded in every respect. What a privilege to be clipped onto him. He is always good and righteous and kind and compassionate. He did on our behalf what we could never do and perfectly kept the law. And he gave his life for our sins. You could not wish for or imagine a better representative than Jesus.

And this shapes our new identity as Christians. We are no longer in Adam but are in Christ. Yes, we still make mistakes, sometimes serious ones, but what happens to Jesus will happen to us, as we are clipped onto him by faith. The marvellous truth for the Christian is this: there is more grace in Jesus than there is sin in your heart.

Charles Wesley wrote the hymn ‘O Jesus full of truth and grace’:
O Jesus, full of truth and grace,
more full of grace than I of sin,
yet once again I seek your face;
open your arms and take me in,
and freely my backslidings heal
and love the faithless sinner still.
You know the way to bring me back,
my fallen spirit to restore:
O for your truth and mercy’s sake forgive,
and bid me sin no more;
the ruins of my soul repair
and make my heart a house of prayer.

Friends, let’s celebrate this amazing truth today – we are no longer in Adam but are in Christ. Christ’s impact on the human race far outweighs that of Adam’s impact: ‘But where sin increased, grace increased all the more, so that, just as sin reigned in death, so also grace might reign through righteousness to bring eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.’   (Romans 5:20-21)

Let’s end with another fantastic thought. Because Jesus is our covenant head, our representative, our salvation it totally assured. He has already defeated death and he cannot fail. And because he cannot fail, and what happens to him will happen to us, those who trust him are assured of eternal life. We are assured of eternal life. Were it down to my own efforts to enter Heaven, I would fail miserably. But it’s not down to me. It’s down to him. We are tethered to Christ!

‘And God raised us up with Christ and seated us with him in the heavenly realms in Christ Jesus.’   (Ephesians 2:6)

So, if you haven’t trusted him yet, then do so now.

Sermon: Sunday, 3rd November, 2024
Speaker: John Johnstone
Scripture: Romans 5:3-11

There are times when God’s message to us can be surprising and even counterintuitive. Such a teaching comes in verse 3 when God calls us to rejoice or glory in our sufferings.  That might not be an easy thing for you to hear.  We rejoice more intuitively in the things we heard about last Sunday, such as justification and peace with a holy God and adoption into God’s family and the grace God pours on us, not just at conversion, but all through our lives.  These truths put a spring in our step.  We rejoice in them.  But what does it mean for us to rejoice in suffering?  Has Paul lost the plot here?  Of course not. This is God’s Word. 

And this teaching is also conveyed by Christ himself: ‘Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me. Rejoice and be glad, because great is your reward in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you.’   (Matthew 5:11-12). 

James says: ‘Consider it pure joy, my brothers whenever you face trials of many kinds…’   (James 1:2) 

Peter also gets in on the act: ‘Dear friends, do not be surprised at the fiery ordeal that has come on you to test you, as though something strange were happening to you. But rejoice inasmuch as you participate in the sufferings of Christ, so that you may be overjoyed when his glory is revealed.’   (1 Peter 4: 12-13)

1. The problem of suffering

We all need to have a good and robust theology of suffering because to varying degrees we all suffer.  There is no ‘get out of jail free’ card for the Christian.  We live in a fallen and broken world and we are broken people.  How is it possible to rejoice in our suffering?  It is not that we rejoice that bad things are happening to us.  But we rejoice in what God is doing within us through suffering.  Through suffering, God brings us to maturity and to a place of greater dependence upon him. 

Speaking personally, and I am sure many of you will agree with me, we often learn the most and grow closer to Christ in the school of suffering.  I don’t always like being in this school, because there is so much I don’t understand when I am there; however, we know our suffering is not meaningless but is actually producing something: ‘… suffering produces perseverance; perseverance, character; and character, hope.’   (Romans 5:3-4)

Suffering produces perseverance.  This means the ability to keep on going while under pressure. Even from a secular point of view, a skilled football manager will learn longevity in the job through experiencing the highs and the lows.  His resolve is tested through an injury crisis and a financial crisis, but if he can keep going in these conditions, then he will emerge all the stronger.  That’s the kind of thing which suffering does for us.  We experience bereavement and illness and persecution and disappointed hopes and unhappiness and these things are far from easy.  We often come to an end of our own resources, and all we can do is cry out to God for help.  Our grip on the things of this world loosens and we find ourselves in the place of prayer more.

It does not always happen that way.  Christians who lack an understanding of suffering might just keep on asking, ‘Why me?’ and never get past that question.  They might end up becoming angry towards God, and praying even less.  Suffering, even in Christians, can make us bitter.  But Paul reminds us here that it can also make us better, if we respond to it in a godly way.

We’re never given facile answers to suffering in the Bible.  But we are given some helpful answers.  Our perseverance produces character.  In other words, we are those who have been tested and passed the test, by depending on God.  We learn to trust in him in the darkness.  God can even use evil circumstances for our good.  In fact, that is what is happening to us in suffering.  And even those trials which seem at first to challenge our hope in God often end up strengthening our hope in him, as we experience his presence with us in our suffering as well as his sustaining grace.   ‘But he knows the way that I take; when he has tested me, I shall come forth as gold.’   (Job 23:10)  It is in the crucible of suffering that God burns away our impurities, refining and purifying us.

Even Jesus himself learned through his suffering: ‘Son though he was, he learned obedience from what he suffered…’   (Hebrews 5:8)

Again and again, I go back to the picture we are given in John 15: ‘I am the true vine, and my Father is the gardener. He cuts off every branch in me that bears no fruit, while every branch that does bear fruit he prunes so that it will be even more fruitful.’  Friends, often our suffering has a pruning effect in our lives.  We become more humble and compassionate and understanding through suffering. 

We often receive more empathy and wisdom to help others in their suffering.  When Abraham is tested on Mount Moriah in Genesis 22, he grows in faith.  When Peter denies Christ and is then later restored to usefulness, I believe he was strengthened, though at the time, these things were unspeakably hard.  God always has a loving purpose in our suffering – it’s just that we don’t always see it at the time.

2. The problem of doubting God’s love for us

Can we really be certain that God loves us?  How can we be sure that if we hope in Christ, our hope is not misplaced?  These are important questions.  How do we know that our hope in Christ is not an elaborate fantasy?   

John Stott: ‘What is the ultimate ground on which our Christian hope rests, our hope of glory?  It is the steadfast love of God.  The reason our hope will never let us down is that God will never let us down.  His love will never give up on us.’

‘… God’s love has been poured out into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, who has been given to us.’   (Romans 5:5) This is a wonderful verse:  We’re not told God’s love drips slowly or trickles into our hearts.  It floods our hearts.  God is lavish with his love when we are converted and then on through our lives.  The term ‘poured out’ is the same used for the Holy Spirit being poured out at Pentecost and speaks of God’s abundant giving.  The channel of this love is the Holy Spirit himself, who assures us of God’s love.  Christians are the objects of lavish divine love.  You might feel this is too touchy-feely, and too subjective.  What about the times when we don’t feel this love?  What exactly is this love spoken of here?  There are different ways we show love to one another.  We show love by spending time with someone or through helping them or by telling them we love them.  We might buy them a present.  How do we know God loves us?

Paul goes on to explain the dimensions of this unmatched love: ‘You see, at just the right time, when we were still powerless, Christ died for the ungodly.’   (Romans 5:6)  Christ did not die for us because we were deserving of such a sacrifice, or because we were attractive or had great potential.  Not at all.  In fact, we were powerless to help ourselves and were in a moral mess.  We were ungodly (verse 6) and sinners (verse 8) and were even God’s enemies (verse10).  That’s quite a situation to be in. 

John Murray: ‘The marvel of God’s love is that it was to the ungodly.’

To put it bluntly, God loved me in spite of me.  Surely, our state of lostness and rebellion amplifies God’s love for us. 

John Stott: ‘The more the gift costs the giver, and the less the recipient deserves it, the greater the love is seen to be.  Measured by these standards, God’s love in Christ is absolutely unique.’

Do you want proof that God loves you?  ‘Christ died for us.’   (Romans 5:8)  What further proof do you need? Paul explains how the love of God is so much greater than human love in verses 7-8.  Rarely will someone die for someone they respect, though at times a person will lay down their lives for a loved one.  God’s love is so extraordinary in that he gives himself to those who are his enemies.  This is a different order of love altogether.

If we’re honest, there are times when Christians doubt the love of God.  Perhaps you are in a long period of suffering just now and doubt his love for you.  Or perhaps you have fallen into sin and feel guilty and feel like you are going backwards in the Christian life.  Either way, the solution is to look once more at the cross, where God demonstrates his love for us.  It is a sacrificial love, dying for us.

3 The best is yet to come

In Christianity, when we hear the word ‘salvation’ we usually think about when we became Christians, and rightly so.  But in the Bible, there are past, present and future elements to our salvation.  We have been saved, on the day we were born again; we are being saved now, which means God is at work in us now making us more like Jesus (sanctification); and finally, there’s a sense in which we will be saved, at the end of time, when we will receive our new bodies and souls and be perfect for evermore.  The next few verses (9 and 10) look forward to our future salvation, with utter confidence.  Why with such confidence?  Because Paul argues that if God has already done such a great thing for us in saving us, of course he is going to complete the task.  The Lord always completes what he begins.  We even see that in the very first chapter of the Bible,

‘Since we have now been justified by his blood, how much more shall we be saved from God’s wrath through him!’ (Romans 5:9)  Here’s the good news again – we are justified right now in God’s sight, through Christ’s blood.  So, logically, if God has already accepted Christ’s death on our behalf (and he has), then on the Day of Judgment, we can be assured that no wrath will fall upon us.  Our future is secure.

‘For if, while we were God’s enemies, we were reconciled to him through the death of his Son, how much more, having been reconciled, shall we be saved through his life!   (Romans 5:10)  Again, we need to follow the flow of logic here.  If God has already done the difficult thing by reconciling us to himself while we were enemies, then of course he will do the comparatively easier thing and complete our salvation by giving us new resurrection bodies, like those of Christ.  We are united to Christ by faith and so his resurrection power will be given to us.

What a salvation!  No wonder (verse 11) we can boast in God.  Think of the dimensions of his love, dying for us while we were still sinners.  Think of the fact that enemies have brought into the very family of God and have a spectacular resurrection to look forward to.  Let’s rejoice in God for what he has done, for what he is doing, even in our suffering, and what he will do on the Last Day.

Sermon: Sunday, 27th October, 2024
Speaker: John Johnstone
Scripture: Romans 5:1-2

This week we are going to slow down in our studies in Romans, looking at just the first 2 verses of chapter 5. Our direction of travel is simple – we want to see what these verses tell Christians about our past, our present and our future. That’s pretty comprehensive. If you are not a Christian yet, this is not the time to go to sleep – quite the opposite. The Christian’s past, present and future is so good, my hope is that as we consider each stage, you will long to share in the amazing blessings which only come through knowing Jesus as Saviour and King.

1. The Christian’s past – a wonderful verdict

‘Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God…’ &nbsp (Romans 5:1)

What does it mean to be justified. What is justification? We looked at his a few weeks ago, but let’s remind ourselves because it’s so foundational. It means that in spite of the many ways in which we have wronged and offended God, God is able the Judge is able to pronounce the verdict on us ‘Not guilty’. When we come to realise the true gravity of our moral guilt before God, this news is the best news we could ever hear. There are so many ways I have been selfish in my life and have hurt others. There are so many ways I have relegated God from his rightful place in my life, which ought to be first place. My sins are not trivial but resulted in my estrangement from God my Creator. I was an enemy of God, fully deserving his punishment.

We might be fed up with all the talk of sin and judgment in Romans, but the truth is that we do live in a moral universe where right and wrong matters to God. Imagine God was not perfect and righteous and a God who judged wickedness. That kind of universe is unthinkable. It wouldn’t matter how anyone behaved. It’s not God the just Judge who is the problem in the universe, but us, the ones who break God’s rules of love again and again. This makes the following question a question of supreme importance: how can we be right in the eyes of God, having so much moral failure in our lives?

Thanks be to God that he has provided the solution to our moral failure. He loved us so much that he sent his Son into the world to die on the cross so that anyone who believes in him can be saved and forgiven and hear the verdict ‘Not guilty’ from God himself.

Let’s not be scared of long Bible words like ‘justification’. When learning to make cider, I had to learn new words, and concepts such as scratting and racking and VWP powder and Campden tablets. You don’t need to know these words. But you do need to know the word ‘justification’. It means that God as Judge forgives all our sins, past, present and future. The moment we place our trust in Jesus we are born again and experience this divine forgiveness. God no longer holds anything against us. However, justification is more than God’s pardon. It also involves God declaring that we are righteous in his sight. God says, in the eyes of the law, you are a righteous person. Of course, this is not because we have kept God’s law, but because Jesus has kept it on our behalf. And if that were not good enough, justification also means that God adopts us into his very own family, giving us the rights and privileges which accompany that, such as his love and protection and provision and becoming heirs of God’s inheritance. Justification is a word worth knowing!

Who is it who is justified? Last week Alistair reminded you, from Romans chapter 4, of the way in which Abraham was justified. It was not through circumcision or trying to keep the law himself. ‘What does Scripture say? ‘Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.’ &nbsp (Romans 4:3) Why is Abraham so important? Because he is the prototype of all who would be justified. We are justified today in exactly the same way in which Abraham was, by faith. God wants your faith. ‘The words ‘it was credited to him’ were written not for him alone, but also for us, to whom God will credit righteousness – for us who believe in him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.’ &nbsp (Romans 4:23-24 )

What does it mean to be justified by faith? It this any old faith? No. It is specifically faith in Jesus Christ and in what he has done on the cross. ‘This righteousness is given through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe.’ &nbsp (Romans 3:22) Faith involves giving up on yourself and your own ability to save yourself, and instead placing all your confidence in Jesus. Faith admits our own helplessness to God and at the same time rejoices in Jesus’ adequacy to help us.

Does this faith have to be strong faith? No! It does not. We are not saved on account of our faith, but through our faith. The key aspect is the object of our faith, Jesus and his work, rather than the quality of our faith.

Thomas Watson: ‘A weak faith may receive a strong Christ; the promise is not made to strong faith but to true faith’.

So, the question for us all is this: are you willing to give up on your own efforts and place your confidence in Jesus? For those of us who are already Christians, let us relish this great fact that God has already pronounced the ‘Not guilty’ verdict on us. On the Day of Judgment, this verdict will be repeated.

2. The Christian’s present – peace and grace

‘Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ…’ &nbsp (Romans 5:1) What kind of peace do Christians enjoy in the present, in the here and now?

This peace is not a subjective peace. What do I mean by that? It’s not primarily about our feelings. For example, someone might not even be a Christian but have feelings of peace when out in nature or when they paint or watch a sunrise or practice meditation. God-given peace in is objective peace, which means it is dealing with a fact. This is the fact, from God’s point of view, we are no longer his enemies but know his peace. We now enjoy harmony with God. This is not only the end of hostility with God, but also includes a general sense of well-being in our lives. Listen to Isaiah where this wider concept of peace is painted: ‘And the effect of righteousness will be peace, and the result of righteousness, quietness and trust for ever. My people will abide in a peaceful habitation, in secure dwellings, and in quiet resting-places.’ &nbsp (Isaiah 32:17-18)

Friends, as Christians we already have this peace. The question is, do we enjoy it as we should? If we are honest, we often forget that all is now well with God. What enables us to sing ‘When peace like a river attendeth my way’? How can we sing ‘It is well with my soul’? It is because: ‘Our sins, not in part but the whole, are nailed to the cross and we bear them no more’.

You may find temporary peace in certain worldly things, such as a good holiday, or in a fulfilling job or relationship. However, we can only find lasting peace and peace with God in Jesus Christ. RC Sproul reminds us that peace treaties between countries are fragile at best; they always contain and element of the uncertain in them. He says: ‘But when God declares peace, when he declares us just, the war is over’. This is such a blessing.

But peace in the here and now is not the only blessing to flow out of justification. We also enjoy access to God in the here and now. ‘… through whom we have gained access by faith into this grace in which we now stand.’ &nbsp (Romans 5:2) Notice what is said – right now, Christians stand ‘in the grace of God‘. This is a beautiful phrase. It’s not just that God grants peace, now having nothing against us. It is much richer than that. We now stand in God’s favour. In other words, he loves us and delights in us and his generosity will stay with us all the days of our lives and on into eternity. We have God’s active, loving favour. He is favourably disposed towards us.

This is a truth we need to rub into our hearts more that we do. Sometimes we revert back to a human and works related way of thinking, that if we keep performing at a great level as a Christian then perhaps God will bless us. This is incorrect. God wants you to know that you are adopted.

Just as a good father will always welcome his children and seek their good, so our heavenly father always seeks our good. ‘He who did not spare his own Son, but gave him up for us all—how will he not also, along with him, graciously give us all things?’ &nbsp (Romans 8:22) Imagine one of our children came to us trembling, asking for our help. We would say, ‘It’s ok, I’ll help you.’

‘Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.’ &nbsp (Hebrews 4:16)

Listen to the access to God and his grace we have in 1 Peter chapter 3: ‘For Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God…’   (1 Peter 3:18) Let’s hear this loud and clear – as Christians we have a new status before God. We stand permanently in his grace. We cannot stand in this grace today and then tomorrow lose that position. Our feelings might go up and down like a yoyo, but our status as those under God’s grace never changes. At the funeral on Wednesday we sang Amazing Grace. It is indeed God’s ‘amazing grace’ which saves us when we become Christians. But the hymn goes on to say: ‘Tis grace hath brought me safe thus far, and grace will lead we home.’ The whole Christian life is one lived out each day depending on God’s grace.

3. The Christian’s future

‘And we rejoice/ boast in the hope of the glory of God.’   (Romans 5:2b) Because Christians are justified through faith, we have a wonderful future to look forward to. We always remind ourselves that when the New Testament speaks of ‘hope’ this does not mean just a vague wish, like we might hope that this summer is a good one, or that the economy improves. Christian hope speaks of something completely certain and so we can look forward to it now in anticipation. We hope for the glory of God.

How is God’s glory shown today? We see it in the creation around us. Psalm 19 declares: ‘The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of his hands.’   (Psalm 19:1) We see God’s glory every time someone becomes a Christian or grows in their faith. We have seen God’s glory in the person of his Son, Jesus Christ. ‘What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee was the first of the signs through which he revealed his glory.’   (John 2:11) However, in all of these areas, there is much more of the glory of God to be seen. Romans 8 reminds us that the creation is groaning now as it is in bondage. When it is remade in perfection and liberated it will placard God’s glory much more. Likewise, Christians are a saved, yes, but we are still sinners. But in Heaven we shall be perfect both in body and soul. There, each Christian will be like a masterpiece painting, painted by God himself, and reflecting even more of God’s glory and grace. And in Jesus’ first coming, we could see his glory in many ways, but it was veiled. When he comes again in power and glory, there will be a far greater glory for us to see and enjoy and bask in. Faith will be replaced by sight, and we will see the glory of God.

There are many blessings of justification: we have peace with God, we stand each day in his generous grace, and we have something quite awesome to look forward to, the display of God’s glory in the earth, in us, and in Christ. You don’t want to miss out on these things. Why not come to Jesus in prayer, admitting your need of forgiveness, and placing your confidence in Jesus and his work? You will never regret doing so.

Sermon: Sunday, 20th October, 2024
Speaker: Alistair Donald
Scripture: Romans 4

Some people are interested in history – they think it’s fascinating to find out what went on in the past. Other people: not so much. They think history is boring! Me – I’m of the first type. I didn’t do much history at school, but I’ve made it up for it since, through reading. History tells us so much not only about the past, but about how we got to where we are today.

But you may be that second kind of person who might answer, when asked if you’re interested in history: ‘To be honest, not so much.’ And you might have looked at the heading of today’s reading in Romans chapter 4: ‘Abraham justified by faith’ – and asked yourself: ‘Well, what’s that got to do with me? He lived nearly 2,000 years before Jesus. He lived in a tent and kept sheep and goats. What does the faith of Abraham back then have to do with faith in Jesus right now?’

Well, if that’s what you’re thinking, then do listen up! Because we’ll find that it has everything to do with proclaiming our faith in Jesus right now!

Abraham, the founder of the people of Israel as father of Isaac, Jacob and the 12 tribes – certainly lived hundreds of years before Jesus, but Jesus knew that Abraham had looked ahead in faith and foreseen his own day. It’s recorded for us in John chapter 8. When Jesus was disputing with the Jewish leaders in the Temple, men who were so very proud that they were Abraham’s physical descendants, Jesus had this to say to them: ‘Abraham rejoiced at the thought of seeing my day. He saw it and was glad!’   (John 8:56)

They didn’t like that. They liked it even less when Jesus went on to say, ‘Before Abraham was, I AM!’   (John 8:58) They picked up stones to stone him to death… but Jesus slipped away. How do you think people were put right with God during all those centuries before Jesus died and rose again? Because they, like Abraham, looked forward in faith to when the long-promised Messiah would appear. We have the privilege of looking back to what we know has already happened. They were looking forward in faith and it was that faith that put them into a right relationship with God.

We’ve been looking in recent weeks at the first 3 chapters of Paul’s letter to the Romans. Paul has patiently been setting out for us how to be reconciled with God. But before being reconciled with God – the No 1 most important matter in anyone’s life, by the way, as everyone will need to give an account of their lives to him at the end of their lives – we need to be shown clearly that all of us start off being estranged from God no matter our upbringing, no matter our background, no matter our nationality.

With some people, it’s very obvious: Filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed and depravity. They invent ways of doing wrong, as Paul writes in chapter 1. Isn’t that something like Scotland today? Estranged from God. Even thinking up new ways of doing evil.

But with other people, their estrangement from God is less obvious. The elder brother in the parable of the Prodigal Son was estranged from his father, even though he’d stayed on the farm and hadn’t gone away to live a wild kind of life like his younger brother. He was estranged too, as his curdled resentments on the return of his younger brother made clear. So even those who have not led wild lives are, by nature, just as estranged from our heavenly Father as the elder brother was from his father in the parable!

We’re just better at covering it up than the wild folk. Outwardly, we may be able to say, ‘Well, I’ve never murdered anyone. I’ve never robbed anyone. I’ve never stolen anyone’s wife or husband. I’ve gone to church when I can. I’m not such a bad person, really!’ But that, right there, is the problem. Pride. Thinking we’re better than other people. Yet when we remember that God looks on the heart, on our motivations, it gets worse. He sees our secret jealousies, our resentments, our self-pity and, above all, our defiant independence. By nature, we want to be ‘god’ of our own lives, thank you very much! We don’t want to let God have a say in how we live!
No wonder Paul writes in the first 3 chapters of Romans that there’s no difference in God’s eyes between those who are as wild as they can be, and those who are proud of being respectable and keep their sin and pride secret. All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God. That’s why we need a Saviour. That’s why Jesus came.

As we learned last week in the passage at the end of chapter 3, first the bad news, then the good: All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God and are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus.

How are we put into a right relationship with God? By believing that. By believing God. And that’s where the link with Abraham comes in. Please look in your Bible at the start of chapter 4 and ask yourself this: Was Abraham put right with God by striving to be a good person, being ‘justified by works’? No!

What does Scripture say? Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness. Abraham knew that he was a bit of a failure. But when God came to him when he was a very old man and said that he would father a son – not on the face of it a very easy thing to believe – and not only that but he would have descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky, what was Abraham’s response? Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.

But this doesn’t just apply to Abraham. ‘The words ‘it was credited to him’ were written not for him alone, but also for us, to whom God will credit righteousness – for us who believe in him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.’   (Romans 4:23-24)

Abraham couldn’t rely on his family upbringing to put him in a right relationship with God. His family had been pagans in far-away Mesopotamia! He couldn’t rely on the Old Testament covenant seal of circumcision either, for the very good reason that the assurance of being ‘credited with righteousness’ was in chapter 15 of Genesis, while the covenant of circumcision was later in chapter 17. Paul writes: ‘Under what circumstances was it credited? Was it after he was circumcised, or before? It was not after, but before!’   (Romans 4:10)

Again, you might say, ‘What’s that got to do with me? I’m not Jewish, so circumcision doesn’t apply to me!’ And that’s very true. But Paul’s wider point is this: Circumcision was a sign of God’s covenant in the Old Testament, just as Baptism is the sign of the covenant for us in the New Testament. And simply relying on the sign (rather than the substance of the faith that the sign points towards), does not get us into a right relationship with God. Only believing God, believing in the Gospel promise of sins forgiven does that.

So, first of all, it wasn’t through the covenant sign of circumcision that Abraham was put into a right relationship with God. But if it wasn’t through the covenant sign that Abraham was put into a right relationship with God, that he was justified in God’s sight, neither was it though keeping God’s Law, the Ten Commandments. That is Paul’s next point.

As he writes in verse 13, it was not through the Law that Abraham and his offspring received the promise that he would be heir of the world, but through the righteousness that comes by faith. What does the Law do? What are the Ten Commandments for? They lead people in one of two directions. The first is one of pride making us think that we’re better than other people if we keep them outwardly and others don’t.

Newsflash: we can’t even keep the first commandment in our own strength – to have no other gods before God. And that’s not to mention how Jesus tells us the SoMt that anger is the root of murder, and lust is the root of adultery. Our fellow-humans may look on the outward actions but God looks on the heart.

The second reaction people can have to the Ten Commandments is one of despair. ‘I’m just not good enough for God, I’ve broken so many of his commands. They are so demanding! I am crushed by them!’ Either way, the Law tells us that God is angry with sinners. ‘Law brings wrath’ as Paul writes in verse 15.

So what’s the Law for, in Christian terms? In the letter to the Galatians, we read that the purpose of the Law is as a teacher, to drive us to Christ. To show us our need of him, that without him we can never please God. We need Christ for the forgiveness of our sins, and we need to have faith in his death on the cross as paying the price of our sin if we’re ever to be justified, to be put in a right relationship with God.

It’s a funny thing, you know. You might think that all this Gospel emphasis on us being sinners has a down side; bad for our self-image, bad for self-esteem. But, in fact, it’s a paradox, it’s the very opposite – it’s very positive for our self-esteem! How come? Because it shows the immense value that God places on our individual worth, by sending Jesus.

Someone actually loved me so much that he gave his life for me on the cross that I need no longer fear meeting a holy God at the end of my days. For someone will be speaking up for me. Jesus will be my Advocate. Will he be speaking up for you? You see, it’s only by acknowledging our sin that we can then experience the blessedness of knowing our sins forgiven!

Paul has quoted the wonderful words from Psalm 32 in verse 7: Blessed are they whose transgressions are forgiven, whose sins are covered! Blessed is the one whose sin the Lord will never count against him.   (Psalm 32:1-2)

There’s a real joy in knowing that Jesus has taken the rap for your sins! Gone are the guilty memories – paid for! Gone are the regrets that hold you back and can almost disable you – they’re all now in the past, and dealt with! Gone is the bad conscience niggling away at you, God has forgiven you and if you need to make amends to anyone you’ve offended then you can do that.

Now, of course, the Lord already knows everything but he wants to hear it from you! His aim is not to punish you but to pardon you! ‘The words ‘it was credited to him’ were written not for him alone, but also for us, to whom God will credit righteousness – for us who believe in him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead. He was delivered over to death for our sins and was raised to life for our justification.’   (Romans 4:23-25)

And finally, this morning, we can answer the question I posed at the start: who then are the Children of the Promise? For Abraham, the promise was that he would have numerous physical descendants but beyond the Jewish people that in due course ‘All nations would be blessed’ through him, as Abraham looked forward to Jesus the Messiah.

For us, the promise is that, just as Abraham was justified in God’s sight by believing God, rather than by stacking up credits with God by our feeble efforts at obeying God’s Law so we can be justified by believing that we are justified in God’s sight in exactly the same way – by faith in the Gospel!

Let’s make absolutely sure that we have the faith of Abraham, by God’s grace.